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Massive Cuts to Health Agencies: What’s at Stake?

April 10, 2025

Massive Cuts to Health Agencies: What’s at Stake?

What happens when funding is slashed from the very agencies that protect our food, medicine and public health? In recent weeks, sweeping budget cuts have hit the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services threatening everything from scientific research to drug safety. These cuts affect key federal agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration and the National Institutes of Health—institutions that help keep Americans safe, informed and healthy. As outbreaks like measles resurface and promising treatments face delays, students and communities are left wondering: What does this mean for our future?

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It is critical we all stay clearheaded and informed on how federal decision-making will impact the health of all of us. Doing so keeps us nimble and better enables us to speak to our communities and friends on what’s happening and its everyday-person significance.

Today, we will focus on the real-world impacts of the massive cuts to the workforce of our nation’s Department of Health and Human Services. This entity oversees the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health, among other agencies. As educators, nurses and other frontline professionals, we must recognize that decisions today will have both immediate and generational impact. Being clear-eyed on these cuts will help us all be better, more informed and unified advocates for what is ultimately the best path forward for our country.

So, what are the top issues at stake?

1. Medical Research at Risk

New treatments for difficult-to-treat conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, cancer, and even serious bacterial infections will become less accessible to all of us over time, since they simply will not be getting developed at the pace they’ve been in the past. It doesn’t get talked about enough, but the deep cuts to research grants being made today will mean less knowledge will be developed on the ways in which various diseases originate in our bodies, and ultimately, the treatments we develop to cure them. This is the definition of an apolitical issue, and it takes years or decades to reap the benefits of serious and transformative biomedical research: Of the 387 new treatments approved by the FDA between 2010-2019, 386 (99.7 percent) of them received funding from the NIH. In many cases, that funding spanned several years, because scientific discovery simply takes that long to do well.

If anyone asks you, tell them the tale of Wegovy and Ozempic, the new miracle drugs many millions of people are utilizing across the world to help combat obesity. Nearly 35 years ago, at a time when no one was actively thinking of a world with these treatments, the U.S. government was the lone entity that stepped up and funded key research that would help scientists understand what controls our appetite, all at a microscopic level. Fast-forward to 2025; it is because of that very research that the building blocks were in place for incredible innovation that promises a far healthier future for many. We cannot have our cake and eat it too; investments in miracle cures require time and human expertise to bear fruit. We will reap what we sow by today’s deeply misguided decisions. 

2. Food Quality and Drug Safety Threatened

We live in a world where we must import a significant portion of our food and drug supply. To do that as safely as possible, we’ve relied on experts at the FDA to do painstaking, detail-oriented work. Legions of these workers were fired recently, with more cuts likely to follow, prompting the question: Will they be replaced, and even more important, by whom? The FDA, like any government agency, can reform and operate better; however, indiscriminate cutting of vital expertise isn’t easily replaceable. Once all of that is gone, it may be impossible to ever claw back.

3. Misinformation and Public Health Information 

By all accounts, evidenced-based scientific health information is under attack. In response, long-tenured spokespeople and other leaders for the CDC and FDA are resigning in protest. The communications division of each of these federal agencies—once wholly independent from each other—are now gutted of personnel and rolling up to one person: our incumbent Secretary of Health Robert F. Kennedy Jr. This is incredibly dangerous, as we’ve seen play out with the ever worsening measles outbreak in the Southern U.S. It is becoming easier to persuade people to take unproven therapies like high doses of vitamin A for this condition, resulting in terrible, life-threatening outcomes. The longer these realities continue to go unaddressed, the more emboldened the purveyors of misinformation will become, harming all of us in the process.

There’s so much more happening across our federal health agencies that is worrisome, but the above three categories stand out, as they will have generational impact on our nation’s health if we do not act in unison soon.

Key Terms

  • HHS (Department of Health and Human Services): The U.S. government agency responsible for public health, medical research and social services.
  • NIH (National Institutes of Health): A part of HHS that funds and conducts medical research.
  • FDA (Food and Drug Administration): Ensures the safety and effectiveness of food, drugs and medical devices.
  • CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention): Monitors and responds to public health threats and outbreaks.
  • Ozempic/Wegovy: Prescription medications originally developed for diabetes and now widely used to treat obesity.
  • Misinformation: False or misleading information spread regardless of intent, often a problem during health emergencies.

Discussion Questions

  1. Why do you think agencies like the CDC and FDA are important for public health?
  2. How could cuts to scientific research affect people now and in the future?
  3. What role should the government play in sharing health information with the public?
  4. How can we identify trustworthy sources of health news?
  5. What are the risks of spreading health misinformation during outbreaks like measles?

Extension Activities

Media Literacy

  • Watch and Analyze: Watch a short segment from “Morning Joe” or an episode of “Meidas Health” with Dr. Vin Gupta and Dr. Robert Califf. What tone do they use? What emotions or concerns do they highlight?
  • Source Check: Look up two different headlines or social media posts about the measles outbreak. How do they differ in tone, language or facts? What clues help you decide if they’re trustworthy?
  • Myth Buster: Research one piece of misinformation about vaccines or measles. Where did it come from? How can people fact-check it?

Classroom Activities

  • Think-Pair-Share: Discuss the long-term effects of reducing health agency funding.
  • Debate: Should public health funding be prioritized even in times of budget cuts?
  • Research Project: Trace how a specific treatment (e.g., Alzheimer’s drug) was developed with public funding.
  • Creative Writing: Write a letter to a policymaker expressing your opinion on HHS funding.

Vital Lessons: A Town Hall on Mental Health, ADHD and What You Need to Know

Mental health concerns—including rising rates of anxiety, depression, and ADHD—are top of mind for families, educators, healthcare professionals, and public employees across the country. Join Dr. Vin Gupta, Dr. Jerome Adams, and AFT President Randi Weingarten for an interactive town hall focused on mental health and ADHD in our schools, workplaces, and communities.

Vital Lessons: Health Chats with Dr. Vin Gupta

Join Dr. Vin Gupta—pulmonologist, public health expert, and professor—for a yearlong series offering expert-led webinars, blogs, resources, and Q&A sessions on pressing health issues to help AFT members and communities stay informed and healthy. Access all on-demand town halls and register for the next one.

Vin Gupta, MD, MPA
Dr. Vin Gupta, MD, MPA, is a public health physician, professor, and health policy expert. As a Harvard-trained lung specialist, Vin has spent the past 15 years working worldwide to improve public health for organizations including the US Centers for Disease Control, the Institute for Health... See More
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